Timeline
Four Worlds
Primary Sources
The chart depicts the fluctuation of unemployment during the Depression and into WWII. Strangely, the highest unemployment rate was right when FDR was President, adding to the allure of the charming leader. Its significance is that unemployment and the economy in general was restarted during the war. WWII put everyone to work for production.
-Tommy E. In this primary source Charles Coughlin begins by talking about the inventions of the new era. He expresses that he cannot fathom how the “depression” had come about; mainly since there was so much excess of products thanks to new innovations. He goes on to discuss his hatred of the banks and its exploitation of the people and he places the blame on them. He admits to initially praising FDR’s promise to take out the banks; however he begins to state actions that FDR actually took: National Recovery Act, AAA, and the Banking Act. To Coughlin’s great dismay, FDR did not take down the bank-- he strengthened it.
This is significant because Coughlin had a large audience listening to him. He was trying to turn public opinion against FDR but he was eventually taken down. He serves to show that not everyone agreed with Roosevelt and public opinion was not always positive towards him. -Kelsey O. |
Summary: This primary source is a song from the perspective of a black woman working in domestic services for the weathy. It's a jazzy type song expressing how she is not paid much for how much work she puts in for these people that throw parties all the time. It's basically a complaint in song form of all the hard work, long hours, lack of privacy and low pay that domestic workers hard to suffer through. Considering the people who hired her dont care much for her, she's determind to get out.
Significance: This song contributes to the new social standings being set by women in the 1920s era. It was not just the wealthy while women that felt entitled to a new lifestyle but also the African American women wanted more as opposed to their current living situation where the only job they were allowed to have was being domestic help. This was encouraging change soon to come for african americans. -Natalie M. Summary: An effort to try and spread the knowledge of what the Roosevelt's stood for. The active spreading of the knowledge of his policies and what Eleanor did during and after her first lady position.
It is significant due to the ability of the Roosevelt's passion for helping the citizens of the United States. The second thing is that there is the description of how they helped America |
Trigger Words
court-packing scheme
Concerned that the conservative Supreme Court might declare all his New Deal programs unconstitutional, President Roosevelt asked Congress to allow him to appoint more justices, who would likely be more sympathetic to Roosevelt's program, to the Court. Both Congress and the public rejected this "court-packing" scheme and it was defeated.
Executive Order 9066 Executive Order 9066 in February 1942 authorized the forcible relocation of Japanese Americans from portions of four western states.
Long, Huey Louisiana Senator Long was a left-wing critic of the New Deal, contending it did too little to help the poor. He advocated a "Share Our Wealth" program to transfer wealth from the rich to the poor. He was assassinated in 1935.
Kellogg-Briand Pact The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact was a moral indictment of war, an "international kiss" that outlawed war as an instrument of national policy. It contained no enforcement machinery.
Korematsu v. United States In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the government's policy of detaining Japanese Americans in internment camps, even when there was no specific evidence that they posed a danger to American security. The Court justified the policy as a military necessity in wartime.
Lend-Lease Act Arguing that aiding Britain would help America's own defense, President Roosevelt in 1941 asked Congress for a $7 billion lend-lease plan. This would allow the president to sell, lend, lease, or transfer war material to any country whose defense he declared as vital to that of the United States.
National Origins Act The 1929 National Origins Act was the culmination of immigration restriction laws in the 1920s that established a quota system to regulate the influx of immigrants to America. The system heavily favored immigrants from Britain and northern Europe, while sharply restricting the "new" immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Asia. It reduced the annual total of immigrants.
Potsdam Conference At Potsdam, Germany, in April 1945, Allied leaders divided Germany and Berlin into four occupation zones, agreed to try Nazi leaders as war criminals, and planned the exacting of reparations from Germany. In the Potsdam Declaration, the United States also declared its intention to democratize the Japanese political system and reintroduce Japan into the international community and gave Japan an opening for surrender.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) In 1932 President Hoover agreed to the creation of the RFC, a federal agency which would loan money to banks, railroads, and insurance companies in an effort to stimulate the depressed economy and save the entities from bankruptcy. These were loans, not gifts or grants, and they offered no direct relief to individuals.
Schechter v. U.S. In 1935, the Supreme Court ruled in "Schechter v. United States" (also known as the "sick chicken case") that the NIRA was unconstitutional. The court ruled that the NIRA gave too much legislative power to the executive branch and code authorities.
Teapot Dome Teapot Dome was a government oil reserve in Wyoming under the navy's control. It became involved in a scandal when President Harding's secretary of the interior, Albert Fall, leased the reserves to private oil companies in return for a bribe.
Wagner Act Officially the National Labor Relations Act and sometimes called Labor's Magna Charta, the 1935 Wagner Act gave workers the right to organize and bargain collectively. It also created the National Labor Relations Board to supervise union elections and stop unfair labor practices by employers.
Washington Naval Conference In 1921, Secretary of State Hughes called a conference to reaffirm the Open Door policy in Asia and place limitations on naval construction. The conference achieved some of his goals, but only for a brief time.
Yalta Conference Yalta, a city in the Russian Crimea, hosted a wartime conference in February 1945, where U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin met. The Allies agreed to final plans for the defeat of Germany and the terms of its occupation. The Soviets agreed to allow free elections in Poland, but the elections were never held.
Cash and carry countries could by war supplies from the US however it would have to be in cash so there were no receipts as well as the country would have to transport it themselves.
Executive Order 9066 Executive Order 9066 in February 1942 authorized the forcible relocation of Japanese Americans from portions of four western states.
Long, Huey Louisiana Senator Long was a left-wing critic of the New Deal, contending it did too little to help the poor. He advocated a "Share Our Wealth" program to transfer wealth from the rich to the poor. He was assassinated in 1935.
Kellogg-Briand Pact The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact was a moral indictment of war, an "international kiss" that outlawed war as an instrument of national policy. It contained no enforcement machinery.
Korematsu v. United States In 1944, the Supreme Court upheld the government's policy of detaining Japanese Americans in internment camps, even when there was no specific evidence that they posed a danger to American security. The Court justified the policy as a military necessity in wartime.
Lend-Lease Act Arguing that aiding Britain would help America's own defense, President Roosevelt in 1941 asked Congress for a $7 billion lend-lease plan. This would allow the president to sell, lend, lease, or transfer war material to any country whose defense he declared as vital to that of the United States.
National Origins Act The 1929 National Origins Act was the culmination of immigration restriction laws in the 1920s that established a quota system to regulate the influx of immigrants to America. The system heavily favored immigrants from Britain and northern Europe, while sharply restricting the "new" immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Asia. It reduced the annual total of immigrants.
Potsdam Conference At Potsdam, Germany, in April 1945, Allied leaders divided Germany and Berlin into four occupation zones, agreed to try Nazi leaders as war criminals, and planned the exacting of reparations from Germany. In the Potsdam Declaration, the United States also declared its intention to democratize the Japanese political system and reintroduce Japan into the international community and gave Japan an opening for surrender.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) In 1932 President Hoover agreed to the creation of the RFC, a federal agency which would loan money to banks, railroads, and insurance companies in an effort to stimulate the depressed economy and save the entities from bankruptcy. These were loans, not gifts or grants, and they offered no direct relief to individuals.
Schechter v. U.S. In 1935, the Supreme Court ruled in "Schechter v. United States" (also known as the "sick chicken case") that the NIRA was unconstitutional. The court ruled that the NIRA gave too much legislative power to the executive branch and code authorities.
Teapot Dome Teapot Dome was a government oil reserve in Wyoming under the navy's control. It became involved in a scandal when President Harding's secretary of the interior, Albert Fall, leased the reserves to private oil companies in return for a bribe.
Wagner Act Officially the National Labor Relations Act and sometimes called Labor's Magna Charta, the 1935 Wagner Act gave workers the right to organize and bargain collectively. It also created the National Labor Relations Board to supervise union elections and stop unfair labor practices by employers.
Washington Naval Conference In 1921, Secretary of State Hughes called a conference to reaffirm the Open Door policy in Asia and place limitations on naval construction. The conference achieved some of his goals, but only for a brief time.
Yalta Conference Yalta, a city in the Russian Crimea, hosted a wartime conference in February 1945, where U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin met. The Allies agreed to final plans for the defeat of Germany and the terms of its occupation. The Soviets agreed to allow free elections in Poland, but the elections were never held.
Cash and carry countries could by war supplies from the US however it would have to be in cash so there were no receipts as well as the country would have to transport it themselves.